Colorectal Cancer and Non-Vegetarian Diet: Understanding the Risks

Cancer can affect various parts of the body, and among the lesser-known types are vulvar and vaginal cancers. These gynaecological cancers primarily affect women and require timely diagnosis and treatment for better outcomes. At Aurum Cancer Care, one of the leading cancer treatment centres in Ahmedabad, Dr. Bhavana Parikh provides expert care and treatment for patients battling vulvar and vaginal cancers.

What is Vulvar Cancer?

Vulvar cancer is a rare type of cancer that forms in the external female genitalia, primarily the outer lips of the vagina. It commonly develops in older women but can occur at any age. This type of cancer usually begins as precancerous changes known as vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), which, if left untreated, can progress to invasive cancer.

Symptoms of Vulvar Cancer

• Persistent itching, pain, or tenderness in the vulva
• Unusual lumps, growths, or sores on the vulvar skin
• Changes in skin colour, such as red, white, or darker patches
• Bleeding not associated with menstruation
• A burning sensation while urinating

What is Vaginal Cancer?

Vaginal cancer is another rare form of gynaecologic cancer that develops in the tissues of the vagina. It is often detected in women in elderly age. The most common type is squamous cell carcinoma, but other types, such as adenocarcinoma and melanoma, can also occur.

Symptoms of Vaginal Cancer

• Abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially after intercourse or menopause
• A lump or mass in the vagina
• Pain during intercourse
• Persistent vaginal discharge with an unusual odour
• Frequent urination or difficulty urinating

Risk Factors for Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer

Several factors increase the risk of developing vulvar and vaginal cancer, including:

• Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection: A significant risk factor, HPV is linked to many cases of vulvar and vaginal cancers.
• Age: These cancers are more common in older women, particularly those over 60.
• Smoking: Tobacco use has been associated with an increased risk of both types of cancers.
• Weakened Immune System: Women with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, are at higher risk.
• Chronic Vulvar Conditions: Conditions like lichen sclerosis may increase the risk of vulvar cancer.
• History of Cervical Cancer or Pre-cancerous Changes: Women with a history of cervical dysplasia or cervical cancer have a higher chance of developing vaginal cancer.

Diagnosis of Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer

Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.

• Pelvic Examination: A thorough physical exam to check for lumps, lesions, or any abnormal changes.
• Colposcopy: A magnified examination of the vulva and vagina using a special instrument.
• Biopsy: A sample of the abnormal tissue is taken and analysed under a microscope.
• Imaging Tests: MRI, CT scans, or PET scans may be recommended to assess the extent of the disease.

Treatment Options for Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer

The treatment approach depends on the stage and type of cancer. Aurum Cancer Care provides comprehensive and personalized treatment plans, including:

Surgery

• Wide Local Excision: Removal of the cancerous lesion along with some surrounding healthy tissue.
• Radical Vulvectomy: In cases of advanced vulvar cancer, a larger portion of the vulva may be removed.
• Lymph Node Dissection: Removal of affected lymph nodes to prevent the spread of cancer.

Radiation Therapy

• High-energy radiation is used to target and destroy cancer cells, often combined with surgery or chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy

• Chemotherapy drugs are used to kill or slow down the growth of cancer cells, particularly in advanced stages.

Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy

• Advanced treatments that focus on specific cancer cells and boost the immune system’s response to fight cancer effectively.

Preventive Measures and Early Detection

Preventing vulvar and vaginal cancer involves adopting healthy habits and undergoing regular screenings. Some preventive measures include:

• HPV Vaccination: Protects against high-risk HPV strains that can lead to these cancers.
• Regular Gynaecological Check-ups: Routine screenings help in early detection and better treatment outcomes.
• Safe Sexual Practices: Using protection and limiting the number of sexual partners can reduce HPV exposure.
• Quitting Smoking: Reducing or eliminating tobacco use significantly lowers the risk.

Final Thoughts

Vulvar and vaginal cancers may be rare, but awareness, early detection, and the right treatment can significantly improve survival rates and quality of life. If you or a loved one is experiencing any symptoms or has concerns about gynaecologic cancers, seeking medical attention at Aurum Cancer Care in Ahmedabad.

For more information or to schedule a consultation, contact Aurum Cancer Care today and take charge of your health.